FR-4 is a glass-reinforced epoxy laminate material that is used in numerous applications from aerospace to the semiconductor industry. FR-4 and G-10 are often considered interchangeable materials, but they both have distinct characteristics that can impact your project's success. Below are just a few key differences.

Both FR-4 and G-10 are composite materials that are made from woven glass-fiber reinforced with epoxy resins. The main difference lies in their flame retardent properties. FR-4 includes specific flame-retardant additives, typically bromine-based. G-10 is the base material without the flame-retardant additives.

Key Performance Differences

Temperature Resistance

1. FR-4: Superior heat resistance with maximum operating temperature up to around 140°C (284°F).
2. G-10: Slightly lower temperature resistance, typically up to 130°C (266°F).

Electrical Properties

1. FR-4: Excellent electrical insulation properties, hence it's standard use in PCB applications and similar high temp electronic assemblies.
2. G-10: Similar insulation properties but without the guaranted flame-retardant properties.

Mechanical Properties

1. FR-4: Slightly lower mechanical strength due to the flame-retardant additives.
2. G-10: Higher mechanical strength.

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